Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a European country known for its mountains, its lakes, its financial systems, its watches and its chocolate. The country borders on France, Italy, Germany and Austria. The country’s major exports include chemicals, machinery and precision tools. Its currency, trading under the initials CHF, is the franc with 100 centimes equal to 1 franc.
History
The
first Swiss currency consisted of gold staters issued by the Celts.
These, in the Gallic tradition, were imitations of coins by Philip II
of Macedon. In the 3rd century B.C., a Swiss series of coins appeared.
These Macedonia-style coins featured an Apollo head and a chariot.
Increased originality followed in the next century. In the 1st century,
the coins were small, silver ones. Their designs resembled those of the
Romans and the Danubian Celts. In addition, Germany’s “rainbow-cup”
gold coins were in circulation in Switzerland. Later in the 1st century
B.C., the Province of Rhaetia had local issues circulating.
The
Barbaric invasions of the 5th century A.D. adversely affected the
monetary system. Only in the Frankish Kingdom of the 6th and 7th
centuries did currency return. These were gold tremisses. Basil, Chur
and Zurich issued silver deniers in the 9th and 10th centuries.
Locally, bishops produced braceates. Some cities also issued their own
coins.
By
the late 13th century, the Swiss Confederation had begun to take shape.
Although local coins remained prominent, there was a move towards a
unified currency. Meanwhile, biface pfennigs, varieties of groschen
and, in 1411, the golden gulden circulated in the various “cantons.” In
1419, the first Swiss taler came out of Bern. At the Italian borders,
however, money remained more Italian. Still other sections preferred
the French style of money.
In 1798, The French Revolution affected
Switzerland. The result was the Helvetian Republic. This produced a
unified currency. It consisted of 10 rappen to the batzen and 100
batzen to the Franc. All coins featured a mailed figure holding a
banner. This system remained in place even after the Confederation of
the Swiss states in 1815. Twenty-two cantons remained partners.
Re-organization of the cantons in 1848 saw the disappearance of local currency. In its place was a national monetary system. In this, 100 centimes (rappen) became equal to 1 franc. The French system of currency triumphed. The Swiss remained true to this form of currency throughout the troubles of both world wars and the Depression. Changes occur through time as the 1 and 2 franc coins disappear. The simple design of the coins remains the same while the banknotes continue to change their design. Today, the currency comes in 5, 10 and 20 centimes; ½, 1, 2 and 5 francs coins. The banknotes are in denominations of 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 1,000 francs.
Obtaining Swiss Francs
You can exchange your own currency for Swiss Francs and centimes at any of the many banks in the country. You can also locate bureau de change at train stations, airports and hotels. Another option is any of the widely available ATMs or Bancomats. Be sure to compare rates.
Protecting Your Currency
Although Switzerland may have a sterling reputation, petty crime does occur. Be aware of your possessions at all time, but pay specific attention when you are in Berne, Zurich and Geneva. You should also exercise caution if you decide to take an overnight train to other countries from Switzerland.
Using Your Swiss Francs
It is way too easy to spend your money in Switzerland. This is the home of many luxury items. It is also the place to buy that famous “Swiss Army Knife.” If this is not your interest, you can always opt for another Swiss special: watches, particularly Swatches. There are also other items such as jewelry, but the one thing you cannot leave without at least trying is Swiss chocolate.
Travel Tips and Warnings
- If you plan on driving on the highways, you will need to apply for a special sticker.
- Visit the Cathedrale de St. Pierre in Geneva or wander along the shores of Lac Léman.
- There is the Swiss National Park.
- Go skiing at glitzy St. Mauritz or in the Kloster-Davos ski region.
- Visit Bern with the National Swiss Parliament, a 15th century Cathedral and the home of Albert Einstein.
- Hike, handglide, paraglide or ski in Interlaken and Grindelwald.
- At Luzern, be sure to go to the Picasso Museum.
- In Zurich, be sure to check out the stained glass windows of the 13th century Gothic cathedral. They are by Marc Chagall.
- Head to Basel to admire its red Rathaus (City Hall) and red stone Cathedral.
Overview
Switzerland
is a land of romantic tales. Heidi, Swiss Chocolate and Swiss Watches
are all part of its mythos. The scenery is breathtaking. The country
has fascinating Italian, German and French aspects.
For travel information, see www.myswitzerland.com.
Currency Summary
Current currency: Francs
100 centimes equal 1 franc
Coins: 5, 10 and 20 centimes; ½, 1, 2 and 5 francs
Banknotes: 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 1,000 francs